Services and electrical
Navigation lights (the visible colours alone fix the other vessel's heading)
At night you see no hull, only coloured lights, so the arcs are cut to make the colours alone fix her heading. Each sidelight covers 112.5 degrees and the sternlight 135 — exactly 360 with no overlap. Green alone means she crosses to your right, red alone to your left, both means head on, and a white sternlight means you are overtaking.
This drawing comes from one YAML file. No shape was moved by hand.
Notes in the source (in Japanese)
夜の海では、相手の船の形は見えない。見えるのは灯火の色だけ。だから色の組み合わせだけで向きが決まるように、範囲が切ってある。
右舷灯(緑)と左舷灯(紅)は、それぞれ真正面から 112.5° ——真横(90°)から2 点(22.5°)後ろまで。船尾灯(白)は後方 135°。112.5 × 2 + 135 = 360° で、ちょうど 1 周になる。
マスト灯(白)は 225° で、これは舷灯 2 つを合わせた範囲と同じ。長さ 50m 以上の動力船は、前のマスト灯より高い位置に後部マスト灯をもう 1 つ置く(範囲は同じ 225°。高さの違う白 2 つの並び方で、相手の向きと変針が早く読める)。出典:海上衝突予防法 第 23 条・第 21 条(e-Gov 法令検索 lawid 352AC0000000062、取得 2026-10-02)、COLREG Rule 21・23
緑だけが見えれば、相手の右舷を見ている —— 相手は自分から見て右へ進む。紅だけなら左へ。紅と緑の両方が見えたら、向かい合っている。白(船尾灯)だけなら、自分は相手の後ろにいる —— 追い越す側は自分。
どの向きから見ても、答えがひとつに決まる。 範囲が重ならないのは、そのため。
長さ 12m 未満の動力船は、マスト灯と船尾灯を全周灯(360°)1 つにまとめてよい(第 23 条)。船の一般配置図は見本 126、海図の読み方は見本 223。
Source (YAML)
examples/gallery/336-航海灯.zumen.yaml
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