Learning and geometry
Clock hand angles (at 3:15 the hands do not overlap)
At a quarter past three the hands are not together: while the minute hand travelled ninety degrees the hour hand moved seven and a half, and the same arithmetic explains why the hands coincide eleven times in twelve hours rather than twelve
This drawing comes from one YAML file. No shape was moved by hand.
Notes in the source (in Japanese)
3 時 15 分に、長針と短針は重ならない。分針が 90 度(3 の位置)まで来るあいだに、時針も 7.5 度ぶん進んでいる。3 時ちょうどの差は 90 度、3 時 15 分の差は 7.5 度。
角度は 1 つの式で出る。2 つの針の角度 = |30H − 5.5M|(H は時、M は分。180 度を超えたら 360 から引く)。時針は 1 分に 0.5 度、分針は 1 分に 6 度 —— 差は 1 分に 5.5 度。3 時 15 分なら |30 × 3 − 5.5 × 15| = |90 − 82.5| = 7.5 度。
12 時間で重なるのは、12 回ではなく 11 回。分針は 12 時間で 12 周、時針は 1 周 —— 差は 11 周ぶんで、分針が時針を 1 周ぶん追い越すたびに 1 回重なる。だから 12 ÷ 11 時間ごと(約 1 時間 5 分 27 秒)に重なり、11 時台だけ重ならない。
直角になるのは 22 回。 追い越し 1 回につき、追いつく前に 1 回、追い越してから 1 回。一直線(180 度)になるのも 11 回。
数はすべて計算で確かめた(重なる時刻・角度・回数)。見本 303・308・310 と同じやり方。
Source (YAML)
examples/gallery/313-時計の針の角度.zumen.yaml
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